Reverberatory furnace for the production of steel.



No- 825,522. PATBNTED JULY 10, 1906. V. DBFAYS.

RBVERBBRATORY FURNACE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STEEL.

APPLICATION FILE JUDY 2B. 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET i.

ATTORNEY.

PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

V. DEPAYS.

RBVBRBERATORY FERN AGE PO R THE PRODUCTION OF STEEL.

APPLIGATIOH FILED JULY 23.1903.

2 BHEETS-SHEBT 2 l i I i 0 a :x 4

l! iILil /NVENTOR (1i tzwDefgyc J3) A TTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

VIUTOR DEFAYS, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

REVERBERATORY FURNACE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STEEL.

N 0. 825,522. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 10, 1906.

Application filed July 28,1903. Serial No. 16?,388.

To all whom zit may concern:

Be it known that I, VIc'rou DEFAYS, engineer, a subject of the King ofBelgium, I'BSIClmay be utilizedsuch for exampiealso permitting of theexact mg at Brussels, in the Kingdom ofBel iurn, have invented certainnew and .usefu Iniprovements in Reveroerator Furnaces for the Productionof Steel, of w rich the followin is a specification his inventionrelates to improvements in reverberatory furnaces for the production ofsteel. These improvements have for their object the attainment of morecomplete. combustion of the gases than has hitherto been possible, sothat extremely poor gases as blast-furnace gases,

reguiation of the oxidizing properties of that gortion of the flamewhich passes over the ath, of protecting the part of the furnace throughwhich the flame enters and the air and as flues through which it passesfrom the urnace to the recuperation-chambers against the fusion anddisintegration caused by an excessive temperature, of permitting in caseof'deterioration of the speedy replacement of the exposed portions ofthe furnace, of facilitating access to the metahchariiher of thefurnace, and finally permitting of conveniently and compactly groupingthe various constituent parts of the furnace.

In order to attain these ends, the invention consists, broadly, in anovel arran ement of at its 11 per 7 and gas, the combustion-chem throthe gas-fines and air-fines, the sai arrangement being characterized bythe fact that at each extremity of the furnace a gas-flue o ens glh, asuitable aperture into a com usamber between the apertures of two utlon-c in such a manner that a sheet or air, the axes of these threefiues being pref erably conver out, so that the jet of gas may beattached, or. exempts, from left to right art by one of the air-jets andfrom t to eft at the lowerpart by another jet, so t at it assumes agyratory movement, insuring intimate mixture between the combustible andthe carrier for oxy en.

The invention is also charac' erized by the eciai arrangement of thecombustionc embers and r r constis tuting a removable. part independentof the oi the fines for supgg j mctaicha1nber of the furnace and of eachof the air and gas supply flues which are aiso removable. Anothercharacteristic of the invention is the combination, with these fines, ofrecuperation-chambers of iar e capacity and double circulation, arrangewith their major axis parallel with the major axisof the metai-chamberof the furnace, these chamhers being completed by suitable reversingdoors installed between the waits of the chambers corresponding to eachextremity of the furnace.

Means for carrying the invention into practice isreprsented, by way ofexample, in the accoinpsnying drawings, in whieh Fi re 1 is a ionitudinai section on the iine A of Fig. 2. i 2 is a horizontal section onthe line B B of ig. 1. Fig.3 is a section on C C of Fig. 1.

As shown in the drawings, at each extremityof the major axis of thefurnace a is provided a combustion-chamber l independent of the furnaceand removable, into which open through the apertures b c d or gas andair admissions three flues 2, 3, and 4, of which 2 openshalf-way up thecombustionchambe'r and serves for the admission of the as, while the twoother flues 3 and 4 serve or the supplyfiof air and are above the otherbeneath the as-suppiy flue 2. The axes of these three fines preferablyconverge toward the same oint, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2.boss flues are in dependent of the combustion-chamber 1 and each of themmay be readily removed by means of a lifting a pliance or suitableconvcyer. To each of t esefiues corresponds at each extremity of thefurnace a recuperation chamber with double circulation, presenting elong path, and the axes of these chambers are arranged parallel with themajor axis of $.53, iti In the tire the air-chambers by 6 and Eaeh'groupof two chambers arra ed oiaposite one to the other at each extremity thefurnace terminates in a reversing door finer it), installed between'thetwowalls of the chambers. r j

f The furnace is also provided with the ordinary accessories,particularly with are 'ster for regulating the gas and two air-re stingregisters. represented in the drawings, permit of suitab y proportioningthe quantities of gas and air which are to enter the chambers,whichrestore the heat that the T have received be- 1 Each chamfore theinversion of the oors.

her is further provided with a chimney-register, (11 and 12, forexample, in Fig. 1,) per- 1 mitting of suitably distributing between thevarious chambers which are being reheated the flame which leaves thefurnace.

A general smoke-register, which is not represented, is arranged in thegeneral conduit leading to the chimney.

The operation of the furnace as a whole is similar to that of allfurnaces of this kind, nevertheless the arrangement described abovemodifies the working in the following manner: The flat tongue or sheetof gas coming through the flue 2 and entering the chamber 1 through thegas-inlet b is interposed (from the time it enters thecombustion-chamber 1) between two tongues of air entering throu h theair-inlets'3 4. Under the influence these two tongues of air, one ofwhich attacks it at its upper part and the other at its lower part inconvergent directions, the flame tends to assume a gyratory .movement,contributing in a lar e measure to insure an intimate mixture 0 thecombustible and carrier for oxygen, and conse quently a completecombustion at a very high temperature, ermitting extremely poor gases tobe utiized as combustibles. On the other hand, owing to the special formof the chambers 1, the sections of which, Fig. l, progressively decreasetoward the furnace a, the superposed tongues or layers of air and gasundergo a certain flattening out and are compressed in such a manner asto penetrate each other, and thus insure in a still more perfect mannerthe mixture of the gas and air. The oxidizin action of the flame may bere ulated at wil according to the demands of t e work merely byoperating regis ters regulating the quantity of air passing above theflat layer of gas with respect to that passing below. It will also benoticed that owing to the special arran 'ement of the air and gas fluesno portion of t e masonry 1s exposed u on its two faces to the directaction of t e flame. One of the two facesof the masonry is always ableto radiate its heat, contrary to what is the case in furnaces ashitherto constructed, so that there is no longer any fear of the disinteration or even fusion of certain portions of t e combustionchamber orflues. In case of deterioration each flue may readily be removed andreplaced in thesame manner as the combustion-chamber, properly socalled. The removal of these parts parts ermits, in addition, of accessto the meta -chamberof the furnace at its two extremities, which is par-These registers, which are not E ticularly useful in case repairs of anymagnitude are necessary.

VVhat' I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

I. In a reverberatory furnace for the manufacture of steel, thecombination with the metal-chamber of independent combustionchambers ateach end of said chamber, and removable gas and air flues entering theformer and arranged to impart to the gas and air passing therethrou h arotary motion as the same passes into t 1e metal-chamber.

2. In a reverberatory furnace for the manufacture of steel, thecombination with the metal-chamber, of a combustion-chamber at each endof said chamber, central "as-fines connected with saidcembustiomchambers and aterally-disposed air-flues, also connected withsaid chambers, and disposed at different levels as to inclose the jet ofgas.

from the as-flue between two layers of air, and give t 1e same a rotarmotion in passing throu h the metal cham er.

3. n a reverberatory furnace for the manufacture of steel, incombination with the furnace, a combustion-chamber, at each extremity ofthe longitudinal axis of the furnace, a gas-inlet opening into eachcombustion-chamber half-way up this chamber, two air-inlets opening intoeach combustion chamber and arranged one above and the other below thegas-inlet, removable fines independent of the furnaceproperly so calledand joined to these gas and air inlets in the combustion-chambers, andrecuperation-chambers communicating with these fines, substantiall asdescribed and for the purpose indicatedl 4. In a reverberatory furnacefor the manufacture of steel, in combination with the furnace, acombustion-chamber at each extremity of the longitudinal axis of thefurrnace, a gas-inlet opening into each combustion-chamber half-way upthis chamber, two air-inlets opening into each combustionchamber, theseair-inlets being arranged one above and the other below the gas-inlet,removable flues, independent of the furnace, joined to these gas and airinlets, their axes converging toward the same point in thecombustion-chambers, and recuperationchambers communicatin with theseflues, substantially as describe above and for the purpose specified.

5. In a reverberatory furnace for the manufacture of steel, incombination with the furnace, a combustion-chamber at each extremity ofthe furnace, the section of these chambers progressively decreasingtoward the furnace, a gas-inlet and two air-inlets formed in thesecombustion-chambers, the air-inlets being arra ed one above and theother below the gas-in at and laterally of the said gas-inlet in such amanner as to introsewn a duce into the furnace a tongue or layer of gasfines, the whole substantially as described :0 arranged between twoadmissions of air and and for the purpose s ecified.

' producing the mixfjure of gas and air by the In witness whereof havehereunto set my compression of the superposed la'yers of air hand inpresence of two witnesses.

and as, this eompresslon resuiting from t e i r a dimihishing section ofthe combustion-chem- V VICTOR DEB ber toward the furnace, fiuesconducting the wltne'ssesz gas and air to each combustion-chamber andGEORGE BEBE, recuperation-chambers communicating with GREGORY PHELAN.

